Remodeling adipose tissue inflammasome for type 2 diabetes mellitus treatment: Current perspective and translational strategies.
Amrita BanerjeeJagdish SinghPublished in: Bioengineering & translational medicine (2019)
Obesity-associated type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is characterized by low-grade chronic systemic inflammation that arises primarily from the white adipose tissue. The interplay between various adipose tissue-derived chemokines drives insulin resistance in T2DM and has therefore become a subject of rigorous investigation. The adipocytokines strongly associated with glucose homeostasis include tumor necrosis factor-α, various interleukins, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, adiponectin, and leptin, among others. Remodeling the adipose tissue inflammasome in obesity-associated T2DM is likely to treat the underlying cause of the disease and bring significant therapeutic benefit. Various strategies have been adopted or are being investigated to modulate the serum/tissue levels of pro- and anti-inflammatory adipocytokines to improve glucose homeostasis in T2DM. These include use of small molecule agonists/inhibitors, mimetics, antibodies, gene therapy, and other novel formulations. Here, we discuss adipocytokines that are strongly associated with insulin activity and therapies that are under investigation for modulation of their levels in the treatment of T2DM.
Keyphrases
- adipose tissue
- insulin resistance
- glycemic control
- type diabetes
- blood glucose
- low grade
- high fat diet
- metabolic syndrome
- small molecule
- gene therapy
- anti inflammatory
- weight loss
- high fat diet induced
- high grade
- skeletal muscle
- rheumatoid arthritis
- cardiovascular disease
- amino acid
- combination therapy
- protein protein
- high resolution
- endothelial cells
- mass spectrometry
- smoking cessation
- blood pressure
- physical activity
- drug induced