GlycoGrip : Cell Surface-Inspired Universal Sensor for Betacoronaviruses.
Sang Hoon KimFiona L KearnsMia A RosenfeldLorenzo CasalinoMicah J PapanikolasCarlos L SimmerlingRommie Elizabeth AmaroRonit FreemanPublished in: ACS central science (2021)
Inspired by the role of cell-surface glycoproteins as coreceptors for pathogens, we report the development of GlycoGrip : a glycopolymer-based lateral flow assay for detecting SARS-CoV-2 and its variants. GlycoGrip utilizes glycopolymers for primary capture and antispike antibodies labeled with gold nanoparticles for signal-generating detection. A lock-step integration between experiment and computation has enabled efficient optimization of GlycoGrip test strips which can selectively, sensitively, and rapidly detect SARS-CoV-2 and its variants in biofluids. Employing the power of the glycocalyx in a diagnostic assay has distinct advantages over conventional immunoassays as glycopolymers can bind to antigens in a multivalent capacity and are highly adaptable for mutated strains. As new variants of SARS-CoV-2 are identified, GlycoGrip will serve as a highly reconfigurable biosensor for their detection. Additionally, via extensive ensemble-based docking simulations which incorporate protein and glycan motion, we have elucidated important clues as to how heparan sulfate and other glycocalyx components may bind the spike glycoprotein during SARS-CoV-2 host-cell infection. GlycoGrip is a promising and generalizable alternative to costly, labor-intensive RT-PCR, and we envision it will be broadly useful, including for rural or low-income populations that are historically undertested and under-reported in infection statistics.
Keyphrases
- sars cov
- cell surface
- gold nanoparticles
- respiratory syndrome coronavirus
- copy number
- label free
- real time pcr
- high throughput
- molecular dynamics
- south africa
- escherichia coli
- loop mediated isothermal amplification
- single cell
- cell therapy
- protein protein
- gene expression
- immune response
- stem cells
- molecular dynamics simulations
- dendritic cells
- gram negative
- pet imaging
- computed tomography
- quantum dots
- genome wide
- mesenchymal stem cells
- multidrug resistant
- convolutional neural network
- reduced graphene oxide
- bone marrow
- monte carlo