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Does the index-to-ring finger length ratio (2D:4D) differ in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)? Results from an international online case-control study.

Jane Alana Parkin KullmannRoger Pamphlett
Published in: BMJ open (2017)
2D:4Ds did not differ between patients with ALS and controls in this study. This was despite the dataset being large enough to confirm the established finding of lower 2D:4Ds in males compared with females. These findings do not support the hypothesis that exposure to increased prenatal testosterone is a risk factor for ALS. A putative lower 2D:4D has been proposed to explain the link between ALS and exercise, but our results indicate that other exercise-related factors are more likely to explain this association.
Keyphrases
  • amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
  • high intensity
  • physical activity
  • pregnant women
  • resistance training
  • healthcare
  • replacement therapy
  • smoking cessation