Ultrasonic-assisted synthesis and antitumor evaluation of novel variant heterocyclic compounds based on piperidine ring.

Aim: This work explores the eco-friendly synthesis of various heterocycles from a piperidine-based compound ( 1 ) and explore their potential as antitumor agents. Materials & methods: Ultrasonic irradiation was used to synthesize heterocycles like pyridone, thiophene and coumarin, with computational tools analyzing stability and biological interactions. Results: Compounds 9 and 14 exhibit strong cytotoxic activity, surpassing doxorubicin. Compounds 2 , 6 , 10 and 13 exhibited intermediate activity, while compounds 3 , 7 and 12 had minimal effects. Docking studies suggest potential ADORA1 receptor interaction. Computational tools analyze stability and interaction with biological systems, revealing potential antitumor mechanisms. Conclusion: Green synthesis of diverse heterocycles yielded potent antitumor agents (compounds 9 & 14 ). DFT and Docking studies suggest interaction with ADORA1 receptor, a potential mechanism.