Obstetric anal sphincter injuries among women with gestational diabetes and women without gestational diabetes: A NSW population-based cohort study.

Reem Zeki Zhuoyang LiAlex Y WangCaroline S E HomerJeremy J N OatsDrew MarshallElizabeth A Sullivan

Published in: The Australian & New Zealand journal of obstetrics & gynaecology (2019)

Women with GDM and a macrosomic baby should be counselled about the increased risk of OASIs with both vacuum and forceps. With forceps birth, this risk can be partially mitigated by performing a concomitant episiotomy.

Keyphrases

pregnancy outcomes
pregnant women
polycystic ovary syndrome
type diabetes
urinary incontinence
metabolic syndrome
adipose tissue
insulin resistance