TRAIL promotes epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition by inducing PD-L1 expression in esophageal squamous cell carcinomas.
Huanyu ZhangGuohui QinChaoqi ZhangHuiyun YangJinyan LiuHongwei HuPeng WuShasha LiuLi YangXinfeng ChenXueke ZhaoLidong WangYi ZhangPublished in: Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR (2021)
These findings demonstrate that TRAIL promotes ESCC progression by enhancing PD-L1 expression, which induces EMT. This may explain the failure of TRAIL preclinical trials.