Combination therapies in clinical trials for renal cell carcinoma: how could they impact future treatments?
William InceTim EisenPublished in: Expert opinion on investigational drugs (2021)
: First-line standard of care has moved to combination therapy with ICI-ICI and TKI-ICI combinations; VEGF-mTORi is available in subsequent lines. Combining targeted treatments without validated biomarkers is imprecise and combinations may lead to overtreatment of a subset of patients, exposing them to unnecessary toxicity. The aim of combinations must be clear: improvement in overall survival (OS) and complete response (CR). Recent data suggests a role for novel biomarker stratification rather traditional risk groups. Further combination approaches with triplets and quadruplets should be biomarker directed.
Keyphrases
- combination therapy
- clinical trial
- end stage renal disease
- renal cell carcinoma
- ejection fraction
- healthcare
- chronic kidney disease
- newly diagnosed
- palliative care
- peritoneal dialysis
- oxidative stress
- prognostic factors
- vascular endothelial growth factor
- endothelial cells
- cancer therapy
- pain management
- machine learning
- drug delivery
- deep learning
- big data
- phase ii
- free survival
- artificial intelligence
- health insurance
- placebo controlled