Anatomy of inferior end of palatopharyngeus: its contribution to upper esophageal sphincter opening.
Keiko FukinoMasahiro TsutsumiAkimoto NimuraKoh MiwaTakashi OnoKeiichi AkitaPublished in: European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery (2020)
Therefore, the palatopharyngeus interlaced the cricopharyngeal part of the inferior constrictor through the dense connective tissues. The findings of this study show that the palatopharyngeus may act on the upper esophageal sphincter directly and help in its opening with the aid of the pulling forces in the superolateral direction.
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