Non-intubated bronchoscopic tracheobronchial surgeries with electroencephalogram-monitored intravenous anesthesia: feasibility and outcomes.

Monitored non-intubated anesthesia with spontaneous breathing is feasible for BTS, with high success rate, few complications, and rapid recovery. High-grade bleeding remains the most unpredictable risk for intraoperative desaturation and postoperative ICU admission, especially in tracheal obstruction cases.