Lead-free MAGeI 3 as a suitable alternative for MAPbI 3 in nanostructured perovskite solar cells: a simulation study.
Masood MehrabianOmid AkhavanNavid RabieeElham Norouzi AfsharEhsan Nazarzadeh ZarePublished in: Environmental science and pollution research international (2023)
The lead is a heavy metal with hazardous impacts on environment and human life. Lead-free perovskite solar cells have attracted much attention in recent years, due to eco-friendly characteristics. Meanwhile, Pb-containing cells showed the highest efficiencies among the various types of cells. Hence, designing novel Pb-free solar cells with comparable or better performance than the Pb-containing ones is highly required. In this work, a lead-free methyl-ammonium-germanium-iodide (MAGeI 3 )-based perovskite solar cell with ITO/TiO 2 /MAGeI 3 /Spiro-OMeTAD/Ag multilayer nanostructure has been proposed and its main characteristics including open-circuit voltage (V OC ) and power conversion efficiency (η) have been evaluated and compared with those of MAPbI 3 -based cell, in simulation study. The V OC and η of the MAGeI 3 -based cell (1.18 V and 11.9%) have been found comparable with those of the MAPbI 3 one (1.10 V and 14.6%). These results can excite more attention to Ge as a more environment-friendly element than Pb, in highly efficient upcoming perovskite solar cells.
Keyphrases
- perovskite solar cells
- heavy metals
- highly efficient
- induced apoptosis
- single cell
- solar cells
- cell therapy
- risk assessment
- cell cycle arrest
- endothelial cells
- health risk assessment
- working memory
- minimally invasive
- stem cells
- aqueous solution
- oxidative stress
- cell death
- signaling pathway
- mesenchymal stem cells
- endoplasmic reticulum stress
- drinking water
- ionic liquid
- cell proliferation