Cerebral and Systemic Stress Parameters in Correlation with Jugulo-Arterial CO2 Gap as a Marker of Cerebral Perfusion during Carotid Endarterectomy.
Zoltán Kovács-ÁbrahámTimea AczélGábor JancsóZoltán Horváth-SzalaiLajos NagyIldikó TóthBálint NagyTihamer MolnarPéter SzabóPublished in: Journal of clinical medicine (2021)
Intraoperative stress is common to patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy (CEA); thus, impaired oxygen and metabolic balance may appear. In this study, we aimed to identify new markers of intraoperative cerebral ischemia, with predictive value on postoperative complications during CEA, performed in regional anesthesia. A total of 54 patients with significant carotid stenosis were recruited and submitted to CEA. Jugular and arterial blood samples were taken four times during operation, to measure the jugulo-arterial carbon dioxide partial pressure difference (P(j-a)CO2), and cortisol, S100B, L-arginine, and lactate levels. A positive correlation was found between preoperative cortisol levels and all S100B concentrations. In addition, they are positively correlated with P(j-a)CO2 values. Conversely, postoperative cortisol inversely correlates with P(j-a)CO2 and postoperative S100B values. A negative correlation was observed between maximum systolic and pulse pressures and P(j-a)CO2 after carotid clamp and before the release of clamp. Our data suggest that preoperative cortisol, S100B, L-arginine reflect patients' frailty, while these parameters postoperatively are influenced by intraoperative stress and injury. As a novelty, P(j-a)CO2 might be an emerging indicator of cerebral blood flow during CEA.
Keyphrases
- patients undergoing
- cerebral ischemia
- subarachnoid hemorrhage
- cerebral blood flow
- carbon dioxide
- brain injury
- blood pressure
- end stage renal disease
- nitric oxide
- blood brain barrier
- ejection fraction
- newly diagnosed
- chronic kidney disease
- heart failure
- prognostic factors
- electronic health record
- peritoneal dialysis
- amino acid
- heat stress
- ultrasound guided
- data analysis
- deep learning