Monoamine oxidase-dependent endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondria dysfunction and mast cell degranulation lead to adverse cardiac remodeling in diabetes.
Soni DeshwalMarleen ForkinkChou-Hui HuGuido BuonincontriSalvatore AntonucciMoises Di SanteMichael P MurphyNazareno PaolocciDaria Mochly-RosenThomas KriegFabio Di LisaNina KaludercicPublished in: Cell death and differentiation (2018)
Monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors ameliorate contractile function in diabetic animals, but the mechanisms remain unknown. Equally elusive is the interplay between the cardiomyocyte alterations induced by hyperglycemia and the accompanying inflammation. Here we show that exposure of primary cardiomyocytes to high glucose and pro-inflammatory stimuli leads to MAO-dependent increase in reactive oxygen species that causes permeability transition pore opening and mitochondrial dysfunction. These events occur upstream of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and are abolished by the MAO inhibitor pargyline, highlighting the role of these flavoenzymes in the ER/mitochondria cross-talk. In vivo, streptozotocin administration to mice induced oxidative changes and ER stress in the heart, events that were abolished by pargyline. Moreover, MAO inhibition prevented both mast cell degranulation and altered collagen deposition, thereby normalizing diastolic function. Taken together, these results elucidate the mechanisms underlying MAO-induced damage in diabetic cardiomyopathy and provide novel evidence for the role of MAOs in inflammation and inter-organelle communication. MAO inhibitors may be considered as a therapeutic option for diabetic complications as well as for other disorders in which mast cell degranulation is a dominant phenomenon.
Keyphrases
- endoplasmic reticulum
- high glucose
- endothelial cells
- oxidative stress
- diabetic rats
- type diabetes
- wound healing
- reactive oxygen species
- left ventricular
- heart failure
- cardiovascular disease
- skeletal muscle
- blood pressure
- high fat diet
- cell death
- glycemic control
- angiotensin ii
- high fat diet induced
- insulin resistance
- adipose tissue
- smooth muscle
- emergency department
- estrogen receptor