Effects of anticipation on joint kinematics during inversion perturbation in individuals with chronic ankle instability.

CAI patients displayed greater changes in ankle joint displacement and maximum ankle inversion velocity occurred after inversion perturbation under unplanned condition compared with copers and controls. Current data suggest that altered reactive joint kinematics under the unanticipated condition in CAI patients may contribute to the condition of CAI after ankle sprains. Clinicians should focus on rehabilitation programs to recover and/or develop feedback control for CAI patients during functional movements under unanticipated condition to prevent further injuries.