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Exploring Barriers and Facilitators to Physical Activity in Adults with ADHD: A Qualitative Investigation.

Michelle OgrodnikSameena KarsanBrandon MalamisMatthew KwanBarbara FenesiJennifer J Heisz
Published in: Journal of developmental and physical disabilities (2023)
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by executive dysfunction. Physical activity (PA) may improve executive dysfunction; however, specific barriers and facilitators to PA participation for adults with ADHD have not been formally documented, which was the aim of the present study. Thirty adults with ADHD completed virtual semi-structured interviews, which were analyzed thematically and guided by the Theoretical Domains Framework. Expressions of both barriers and facilitators to PA were identified. Themes such as executive dysfunction (described as forgetfulness, difficulty with sustained focus, and time management), poor self-esteem, and lack of motivation were seen as barriers to PA. Key facilitators were tied to the benefits of being physically active including improvements in executive functioning, mood, and mental health during and after activity, as well as the enjoyment of being active with others. To better support adults with ADHD in initiating physical activity, it is crucial to develop unique resources that are tailored to their specific needs. These resources should be designed to minimize barriers and maximize facilitators, while also supporting the awareness and acceptance of neurodiverse experiences.
Keyphrases
  • attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
  • working memory
  • physical activity
  • autism spectrum disorder
  • mental health
  • oxidative stress
  • body mass index
  • sleep quality
  • congenital heart disease