A 3D Printed Bone Tissue Engineering Scaffold Composed of Alginate Dialdehyde-Gelatine Reinforced by Lysozyme Loaded Cerium Doped Mesoporous Silica-Calcia Nanoparticles.
Mahshid MonavariRucha MedhekarQaisar NawazMehran MonavariMiguel Fuentes-ChandíaShahin HomaeigoharAldo Roberto BoccacciniPublished in: Macromolecular bioscience (2022)
A novel biomaterial comprising alginate dialdehyde-gelatine (ADA-GEL) hydrogel augmented by lysozyme loaded mesoporous cerium doped silica-calcia nanoparticles (Lys-Ce-MSNs) is 3D printed to create bioactive scaffolds. Lys-Ce-MSNs raise the mechanical stiffness of the hydrogel composite scaffold and induce surface apatite mineralization, when the scaffold is immersed in simulated body fluid (SBF). Moreover, the scaffolds can co-deliver bone healing (Ca and Si) and antioxidant ions (Ce), and Lys to achieve antibacterial (and potentially anticancer) properties. The nanocomposite hydrogel scaffolds can hold and deliver Lys steadily. Based on the in vitro results, the hydrogel nanocomposite containing Lys assured improved pre-osteoblast cell (MC3T3-E1) proliferation, adhesion, and differentiation, thanks to the biocompatibility of ADA-GEL, bioactivity of Ce-MSNs, and the stabilizing effect of Lys on the scaffold structure. On the other hand, the proliferation level of MG63 osteosarcoma cells decreased, likely due to the effect of Lys. Last but not least, cooperatively, alongside gentamicin (GEN), Lys brought about a proper antibacterial efficiency to the hydrogel nanocomposite scaffold against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Taken together, ADA-GEL/Lys-Ce-MSN nanocomposite holds great promise for 3D printing of multifunctional hydrogel bone tissue engineering (BTE) scaffolds, able to induce bone regeneration, address infection, and potentially inhibit tumor formation and growth.
Keyphrases
- tissue engineering
- quantum dots
- bone regeneration
- wound healing
- drug delivery
- highly efficient
- bone mineral density
- reduced graphene oxide
- energy transfer
- signaling pathway
- visible light
- cancer therapy
- hyaluronic acid
- metal organic framework
- machine learning
- staphylococcus aureus
- stem cells
- escherichia coli
- cell therapy
- mesenchymal stem cells
- anti inflammatory
- bone loss
- body composition
- solid phase extraction
- multidrug resistant
- gold nanoparticles
- room temperature
- walled carbon nanotubes