Association of patients' sex with treatment outcomes after intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guérin immunotherapy for T1G3/HG bladder cancer.

David d'AndreaFrancesco SoriaAnne J GrotenhuisEugene K ChaNuria MalatsSavino Di StasiSteven JoniauTommaso CaiBas W G van RhijnJaques IraniJeffrey KarnesJohn VarkarakisJack BanielJoan PalouMarek BabjukMartin SpahnPeter ArdeltRenzo ColomboVincenzo SerrettaGuido DalbagniPaolo GonteroRiccardo BartolettiStephane LarréPer-Uno MalmstromRichard SylvesterShahrokh F Shariat

Published in: World journal of urology (2021)

Our analysis generates the hypothesis of a differential response to BCG between males and females if not adequately treated. Further studies should focus on sex-based differences in innate and adaptive immune system and their association with BCG response.

Keyphrases

end stage renal disease
newly diagnosed
immune response
muscle invasive bladder cancer
ejection fraction
chronic kidney disease
peritoneal dialysis
prognostic factors
fluorescent probe