Upconverting Nanoparticles as a New Bio-Imaging Strategy-Investigating Intracellular Trafficking of Endogenous Processes in Neural Tissue.
Karolina ZajdelJustyna JanowskaMałgorzata Frontczak-BaniewiczJoanna SypeckaBożena SikoraPublished in: International journal of molecular sciences (2023)
In recent years, rare-earth-doped upconverting nanoparticles (UCNPs) have been widely used in different life sciences due to their unique properties. Nanoparticles have become a multifunctional and promising new approach to neurobiological disorders and have shown extraordinary application potential to overcome the problems related to conventional treatment strategies. This study evaluated the internalization mechanisms, bio-distribution, and neurotoxicity of NaYF 4 :20%Yb 3+ ,2%Er 3+ UCNPs in rat organotypic hippocampal slices. TEM results showed that UCNPs were easily internalized by hippocampal cells and co-localized with selected organelles inside neurons and astrocytes. Moreover, the UCNPs were taken into the neurons via clathrin- and caveolae-mediated endocytosis. Propidium iodide staining and TEM analysis did not confirm the adverse effects of UCNPs on hippocampal slice viability and morphology. Therefore, UCNPs may be a potent tool for bio-imaging and testing new therapeutic strategies for brain diseases in the future.
Keyphrases
- high resolution
- cerebral ischemia
- spinal cord
- induced apoptosis
- mental health
- drug delivery
- oxidative stress
- blood brain barrier
- temporal lobe epilepsy
- cell cycle arrest
- current status
- subarachnoid hemorrhage
- cancer therapy
- endoplasmic reticulum stress
- climate change
- cell death
- adverse drug
- endoplasmic reticulum
- human health
- fluorescence imaging
- functional connectivity