uPAR+ extracellular vesicles: a robust biomarker of resistance to checkpoint inhibitor immunotherapy in metastatic melanoma patients.

Letizia PorcelliMichele GuidaSimona De SummaRoberta Di FonteIvana De RisiMarianna GarofoliMariapia CaputoAntonio NegriSabino StrippoliSimona SerratìAmalia Azzariti

Published in: Journal for immunotherapy of cancer (2022)

Our results indicate that higher levels of tumor-derived, DC-derived and CD8+ T cell-derived uPAR+ EVs in non-responders may represent a new biomarker of innate resistance to immunotherapy with checkpoint inhibitors. Moreover, uPAR+ EVs represent a new potential target for future therapeutic approaches.

Keyphrases

end stage renal disease
dna damage
immune response
cell cycle
ejection fraction
newly diagnosed
chronic kidney disease
peritoneal dialysis
dendritic cells
oxidative stress
cell proliferation
current status
risk assessment