Staged unifocalization revisited.

Published in: Journal of cardiac surgery (2022)

Given the multiple variations one could have with PA/VSD/MPACA, a midline unifocalization approach may not always be possible. Surgeons should be familiar with the lateral thoracotomy unifocalization staged approach to PA/VSD/MAPCA.

Keyphrases

thoracic surgery
quality improvement
minimally invasive
heart failure
left ventricular
aortic valve
ejection fraction