Treatment of cerebral cavernous malformations: a systematic review and meta-regression analysis.
Michiel H F PoorthuisCatharina J M KlijnAle AlgraGabriel J E RinkelRustam Al-Shahi SalmanPublished in: Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry (2014)
The reported risks of CCM treatment (and the lower risks of neurosurgical excision over time, from recently bled CCMs, and for CCMs outside the brainstem) compare favourably with the risks of recurrent haemorrhage from CCM. Long-term effects, especially important for stereotactic radiosurgery, are unknown.