Performance assessment of a new serological diagnostic test for COVID-19 with candidate peptides from spike and nucleocapsid viral proteins.
Vanessa de Melo Cavalcanti-DantasAlan Frazão da SilvaAndrei Félix MendesWaldecir Oliveira de Araújo JúniorLucas Coêlho Bernardo-MenezesCristiane Campello Bresani-SalviLúcio Roberto Cançado CastellanoAna Isabel Vieira FernandesSherlan Guimarães LemosJurandy Júnior Ferraz de MagalhãesRenato Antônio Dos Santos OliveiraPriscilla Anne Castro de AssisJoelma Rodrigues de SouzaClarice Neuenschwander Lins de MoraisPublished in: Brazilian journal of microbiology : [publication of the Brazilian Society for Microbiology] (2024)
Numerous commercial tests for the serological diagnosis of COVID-19 have been produced in recent years. However, it is important to note that these tests exhibit significant variability in their sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of results. Therefore, the objective of this study was to utilize bioinformatics tools to map SARS-CoV-2 peptides, with the goal of developing a new serological diagnostic test for COVID-19. Two peptides from the S protein and one from the N protein were selected and characterized in silico, chemically synthesized, and used as a serological diagnostic tool to detect IgM, IgG, and IgA anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies through the ELISA technique, confirmed as positive and negative samples by RT-qPCR or serology by ELISA. The results showed a sensitivity, specificity, Positive Predictive Value and Negative Predictive Value of 100% (p < 00001, 95% CI) for the proposed test. Although preliminary, this study brings proof-of-concept results that are consistent with the high-performance rates of the ELISA test when compared to other well-established methods for diagnosing COVID-19.