Patient and Provider Attitudes, Beliefs, and Biases That Contribute to a Marginalized Process of Care and Outcomes in Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain. A Systematic Review. Part I: Clinical Care.

These findings suggest that patients with CMP may experience a marginalized process of care due to HCPs' negative implicit biases, unmet patient expectations, and healthcare setting. Results suggest several factors may contribute to inequitable care and the recalcitrant nature of CMP, particularly in vulnerable populations with limited healthcare choices.