Biotransformation and toxicity evaluation of functionalized manganese doped iron oxide nanoparticles.
Kanwal AkhtarYasir JavedFaqir MuhammadBushra AkhtarNaveed Akhtar ShadMuhammad Munir SajidYasir JamilAli SharifWasim AbbasPublished in: Journal of biomedical materials research. Part B, Applied biomaterials (2021)
Safe inorganic nanomaterials are tremendously used for diagnosis and therapies. However, essential processing in the microbiological environment changed the physical properties and in situ degradability, which is evaluated meticulously. In this research article, bare, Polyethylene glycol, and citrate coated manganese doped iron oxide nanoparticles are synthesized through the coprecipitation route. Structural, magnetic, optical, and morphological analyses are performed through different characterization tools. X-ray diffraction confirmed the formation of single-phase FeMnO3 with a crystallite size of 48.91 nm. Vibrating sample magnetometer analysis confirmed the formation of soft ferromagnetic behavior of bare and coated nanoparticles (NPs). Scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy confirmed the formation of spherical shaped nanoparticles. Single-dose in vivo acute toxicity testing is performed through the intraperitoneal route of administration on groups of healthy albino rats. Elevated enzyme levels of kidney and liver are observed at day 1 but a transient decrease is observed at later stages. Through optical follow-up, degradation effects are studied by adding prepared NPs in lysosomal like medium. Finally, metabolization of degraded products based on manganese/iron ions is studied by adding apoferritin into a lysosome like solution. These studies showed partial storage of manganese ions from NPs, while no substantial transfer is observed in the case of manganese salt.
Keyphrases
- electron microscopy
- oxide nanoparticles
- iron oxide nanoparticles
- quantum dots
- high resolution
- physical activity
- highly efficient
- high speed
- molecularly imprinted
- mental health
- oxidative stress
- water soluble
- liver failure
- photodynamic therapy
- room temperature
- magnetic resonance
- mass spectrometry
- visible light
- metal organic framework
- brain injury
- aortic dissection
- case control
- drug induced
- fluorescent probe
- ionic liquid
- solid state
- living cells