Assessing the causal association between sleep apnea and the human gut microbiome composition: A two-sample Mendelian randomization study.

Sleep apnea may lead to gut dysbiosis as significant reductions in butyrate-producing bacteria and increases in lactate-producing bacteria. By integrating genomes and metabolism, the evidence that three microbiome species are causally linked to sleep apnea may offer a fresh perspective on the underlying mechanisms of the condition.