Active surveillance as a management strategy for papillary thyroid microcarcinoma.
Huan ZhangXiangqian ZhengJuntian LiuMing GaoBiyun QianPublished in: Cancer biology & medicine (2021)
Active surveillance (AS) can be considered as a treatment strategy for low risk papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC), with the absence of clinically apparent lymph nodes, extrathyroidal extensions, and distant metastasis. After reviewing the reports on AS of low risk PTMCs worldwide, we introduced AS, and discussed the selection criteria for active surveillance candidates based on different guidelines and the follow-up schedules. Moreover, the requirement of cytological diagnosis, progression evaluation methods, necessity of thyrotropin suppression, and medical costs were issues that both clinicians and patients considered. The usefulness of AS for low risk PTMC patients depended on accurate and confidential evaluation of patient risk. Clinicians may adopt measures like dynamic monitoring, risk stratification, and making personal follow-up schedules to minimize these potential risks. By appropriately selecting PTMC patients, AS can be an effective alternative treatment to immediate surgery.
Keyphrases
- papillary thyroid
- end stage renal disease
- lymph node metastasis
- ejection fraction
- chronic kidney disease
- lymph node
- newly diagnosed
- peritoneal dialysis
- prognostic factors
- healthcare
- emergency department
- squamous cell carcinoma
- palliative care
- magnetic resonance imaging
- patient reported outcomes
- minimally invasive
- computed tomography
- risk assessment
- atrial fibrillation
- magnetic resonance
- human health
- clinical practice
- mass spectrometry
- electronic health record
- drug induced