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Evaluation of interleukin-1β and 8 in gutka chewers with periodontitis among a rural Indian population.

Pulikottil Shaju JacobSonia NathRitu Prabha Patel
Published in: Journal of periodontal & implant science (2014)
Gutka chewing leads to increased gingival RC and clinical loss of attachment. There was no effect seen in the proinflammatory cytokine levels in the GCF of gutka users.
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  • south africa