Selected birth defects among males following the United States terrorist attacks of 11 September 2001.

Parvati SinghWei YangGary M ShawRalph CatalanoTim A Bruckner

Published in: Birth defects research (2017)

The population-wide stressor of 9/11 precedes a reduction in the risk of live born males with selected birth defects. Our analysis contributes to the understanding of adaptation to stress among pregnant women exposed to large and unexpected ambient stressors. Results further support the notion that the prevalence of live born defects may reflect temporal variation in cohort selection in utero against frail males. Birth Defects Research 109:1277-1283, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Keyphrases

gestational age
preterm birth
air pollution
low birth weight
risk factors