Dysregulated growth hormone-insulin-like growth factor-1 axis in adult type 1 diabetes with long duration.
Kerstin GutefeldtChristina A HedmanIngrid S M ThybergMargareta Bachrach-LindströmAnna SpångeusHans J ArnqvistPublished in: Clinical endocrinology (2018)
In adult T1D with fair glycaemic control, the GH-IGF-1 axis is dysregulated exhibiting GH resistance, low IGF-1 and elevated IGFBP-1. Subcutaneous insulin cannot normalize these changes while endogenous insulin secretion has marked effects on IGF-1 pointing to a role of portal insulin.