Differences in the Size of Individual Plantar Intrinsic Foot Muscles Between Ballet Dancers and Non-Dancers.
Hiroshi FukuyamaSumiaki MaeoYuki KusagawaTakashi SugiyamaHiroaki KanehisaTadao IsakaPublished in: Journal of dance medicine & science : official publication of the International Association for Dance Medicine & Science (2024)
For all 3 MV measures, only the flexor digitorum brevis and lumbricals, which are functionally specialized for flexion of the second to fifth metatarsophalangeal joints, were consistently larger in dancers than in non-dancers. This may be due to long-term repetitive loading on these PIFMs during ballet training involving tiptoe standing.
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