Chronic inflammation in the etiology of disease across the life span.
David FurmanJudith CampisiEric VerdinPedro Carrera-BastosSasha TargClaudio FranceschiLuigi FerrucciDerek W GilroyAlessio FasanoGary W MillerAndrew H MillerAlberto MantovaniCornelia M WeyandNir BarzilaiJorg J GoronzyThomas A RandoRita B EffrosAlejandro LuciaNicole C KleinstreuerTheodore F RoblesPublished in: Nature medicine (2019)
Although intermittent increases in inflammation are critical for survival during physical injury and infection, recent research has revealed that certain social, environmental and lifestyle factors can promote systemic chronic inflammation (SCI) that can, in turn, lead to several diseases that collectively represent the leading causes of disability and mortality worldwide, such as cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and autoimmune and neurodegenerative disorders. In the present Perspective we describe the multi-level mechanisms underlying SCI and several risk factors that promote this health-damaging phenotype, including infections, physical inactivity, poor diet, environmental and industrial toxicants and psychological stress. Furthermore, we suggest potential strategies for advancing the early diagnosis, prevention and treatment of SCI.
Keyphrases
- physical activity
- cardiovascular disease
- spinal cord injury
- oxidative stress
- mental health
- risk factors
- chronic kidney disease
- human health
- healthcare
- multiple sclerosis
- weight loss
- metabolic syndrome
- type diabetes
- cardiovascular events
- end stage renal disease
- drug induced
- wastewater treatment
- risk assessment
- skeletal muscle
- adipose tissue
- sleep quality
- squamous cell carcinoma
- single cell
- depressive symptoms
- squamous cell
- high intensity
- sensitive detection
- cardiovascular risk factors
- life cycle
- quantum dots
- insulin resistance
- health information
- combination therapy
- health promotion
- glycemic control
- single molecule
- heat stress
- patient reported