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Microbial diversity in the hypersaline Lake Meyghan, Iran.

Ali NaghoniGiti EmtiaziMohammad Ali AmoozegarMariana Silvia CretoiuLucas J StalZahra EtemadifarSeyed Abolhassan Shahzadeh FazeliHenk Bolhuis
Published in: Scientific reports (2017)
Lake Meyghan is one of the largest and commercially most important salt lakes in Iran. Despite its inland location and high altitude, Lake Meyghan has a thalassohaline salt composition suggesting a marine origin. Inputs of fresh water by rivers and rainfall formed various basins characterized by different salinities. We analyzed the microbial community composition of three basins by isolation and culturing of microorganisms and by analysis of the metagenome. The basins that were investigated comprised a green ~50 g kg-1 salinity brine, a red ~180 g kg-1 salinity brine and a white ~300 g kg-1 salinity brine. Using different growth media, 57 strains of Bacteria and 48 strains of Archaea were isolated. Two bacterial isolates represent potential novel species with less than 96% 16S rRNA gene sequence identity to known species. Abundant isolates were also well represented in the metagenome. Bacteria dominated the low salinity brine, with Alteromonadales (Gammaproteobacteria) as a particularly important taxon, whereas the high salinity brines were dominated by haloarchaea. Although the brines of Lake Meyghan differ in geochemical composition, their ecosystem function appears largely conserved amongst each other while being driven by different microbial communities.
Keyphrases
  • microbial community
  • antibiotic resistance genes
  • genetic diversity
  • water quality
  • escherichia coli
  • climate change
  • gene expression
  • heavy metals
  • copy number
  • risk assessment