Nrf2-Keap1 in Cardiovascular Disease: Which Is the Cart and Which the Horse?
Neha DhyaniChanghai TianLie GaoTara L RudebushIrving H ZuckerPublished in: Physiology (Bethesda, Md.) (2024)
High levels of oxidant stress in the form of reactive oxidant species are prevalent in the circulation and tissues in various types of cardiovascular disease including heart failure, hypertension, peripheral arterial disease, and stroke. Here we review the role of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), an important and widespread antioxidant and anti-inflammatory transcription factor that may contribute to the pathogenesis and maintenance of cardiovascular diseases. We review studies showing that downregulation of Nrf2 exacerbates heart failure, hypertension, and autonomic function. Finally, we discuss the potential for using Nrf2 modulation as a therapeutic strategy for cardiovascular diseases and autonomic dysfunction.
Keyphrases
- cardiovascular disease
- oxidative stress
- anti inflammatory
- heart failure
- nuclear factor
- blood pressure
- transcription factor
- atrial fibrillation
- cardiovascular risk factors
- heart rate variability
- heart rate
- cardiovascular events
- toll like receptor
- type diabetes
- gene expression
- left ventricular
- signaling pathway
- risk assessment
- cell proliferation
- cardiac resynchronization therapy
- metabolic syndrome
- inflammatory response
- brain injury
- human health
- blood brain barrier
- cerebral ischemia
- protein protein