The role of occlusion and micro-incontinence in the pathogenesis of penile lichen sclerosus: an observational study of pro-inflammatory cytokines' gene expression.
Mateusz CzajkowskiPiotr Mieczyslaw WierzbickiAnna Kotulak-ChrząszczKatarzyna CzajkowskaM BolcewiczJakub KłączK KreftAnna LewandowskaBogusław NedoszytkoMałgorzata Sokołowska-WojdyłoZbigniew KmiećBogusław NedoszytkoRoman Janusz NowickiMatuszewski MarcinPublished in: International urology and nephrology (2022)
Occlusion and irritating urine effect are associated with the clinical progression of penile LS with increased mRNA expression of IL-1A, INF-γ, and IL-6 pro-inflammatory cytokines in the foreskin.