Subcutaneous delivery of biotherapeutics: challenges at the injection site.
Joana A D SequeiraAna Cláudia Paiva SantosJoão SerraCatarina EstevensRaquel SeiçaFrancisco J VeigaAntônio José RibeiroPublished in: Expert opinion on drug delivery (2019)
Advances have been made in understanding subcutaneous tissue and the complex interplay of factors that regulate its homeostasis. The issue of poor stability after injection has been neglected, and many biotherapeutics are hampered by low bioavailability. With the advent of new in vitro techniques that account for properties of the injection site, stability studies evaluating subcutaneous tissues and impacts on pharmacokinetics of biotherapeutics may be useful in the development of new formulations.