Solar-to-thermal conversion is a direct and effective way to absorb sunlight for heat via the rational design and control of photothermal materials. However, when exposed to water-existed conditions, the conventional solar-to-thermal performance may experience severe degradation owing to the high specific heat capacity of water. To tackle with the challenge, the water-repellent function is introduced to construct superhydrophobic solar-to-thermal materials (SSTMs) for achieving stable heating and even creating new application possibilities under water droplets, sweat, seawater and ice environments. In this review, we give in-depth review of cutting-edge researches of SSTMs, focusing on synergetic functions, typical construction methods, and cutting-edge potentials based on water medium. Moreover, the current challenges and future prospects based on SSTMs are also carefully discussed. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.