Intraoperative Monitoring of the External Urethral Sphincter Reflex: A Novel Adjunct to Bulbocavernosus Reflex Neuromonitoring for Protecting the Sacral Neural Pathways Responsible for Urination, Defecation and Sexual Function.
Justin W SilversteinJon BlockZachary T OlmstedRoss GreenThomas PietersKristiana BabarevechAlicia Ballas-WilliamsonStanley A SkinnerDaniel M SciubbaSheng-Fu Larry LoPublished in: Journal of clinical neurophysiology : official publication of the American Electroencephalographic Society (2023)
We present two illustrative neurosurgical oncology cases to demonstrate the utility of the external urethral sphincter reflex technique in the setting of the necessary surgical sacrifice of sacral nerve roots.