Assessment of hepatic arterial hemodynamics with 4D flow MRI: in vitro analysis of motion and spatial resolution related error and in vivo feasibility study in 20 volunteers.

• Motion-suppressed Cartesian four-dimensional (4D) flow MRI with higher spatial resolution provides more accurate measurements even when accepted respiratory motion exceeds voxel size. • 4D flow MRI with higher spatial resolution provides substantial interobserver agreement for visualization of hepatic artery branches. • Lower peak and average velocities and a trend toward better internal consistency were observed with 4D flow MRI as compared to 2D phase-contrast.