First-degree relatives of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: Autoreactivity but not autoimmunity?
Bogdan PenevGeorgi Hristov VasilevEkaterina Ivanova TodorovaKalina Tumangelova-YuzeirEkaterina Krasimirova KurtevaSimeon Valentinov MonovDobroslav KyurkchievPublished in: International journal of rheumatic diseases (2023)
First-degree relatives display unique clinical and immunological profiles, placing them between healthy individuals and SLE patients, with a balance between compensated immune dysregulation and disease-developing potential. A possible association between ANA titer and the number of clinical complaints is observed, which needs to be confirmed in more extensive studies.