Advanced imaging technology applications in cytology.
Liron PantanowitzFrederic PrefferDavid C WilburPublished in: Diagnostic cytopathology (2018)
Novel techniques have been developed to image cells at cellular and subcellular levels. They allow images to be analyzed with ultra-high resolution, in 2D and/or 3D. Several of these tools have been tested on cytology specimens demonstrating emerging applications that are likely to change the field of cytopathology. This review covers several of these advanced imaging methods. The use of optical coherence tomography to perform optical biopsies during endoscopic ultrasound procedures or visualize cells within effusion samples is discussed. The potential for quantitative phase microscopy to accurately screen Pap test slides or resolve indeterminate diagnoses in urine cytology is reviewed. The article also examines the application of 3D cytology using LuCED for lung cancer detection in sputum samples and the feasibility of imaging flow and mass cytometry to measure multiple biomarkers at the single cell level. Although these novel technologies have great potential, further research is necessary to validate their routine use in cytopathology practice.
Keyphrases
- high resolution
- fine needle aspiration
- ultrasound guided
- induced apoptosis
- single cell
- optical coherence tomography
- high grade
- mass spectrometry
- cell cycle arrest
- deep learning
- high throughput
- high speed
- rna seq
- tandem mass spectrometry
- endoplasmic reticulum stress
- mycobacterium tuberculosis
- oxidative stress
- machine learning
- magnetic resonance imaging
- primary care
- convolutional neural network
- cystic fibrosis
- clinical practice
- computed tomography
- diabetic retinopathy
- photodynamic therapy
- climate change
- cell proliferation
- liquid chromatography
- pulmonary tuberculosis
- loop mediated isothermal amplification
- fluorescence imaging