Arthrospira (Spirulina) platensis feeding reduces the early stage of chemically induced rat colon carcinogenesis.
Simone Oliveira AmadeuLuis Manuel Sarmiento-MachadoAriane Rocha BartolomeuMaría Angel García ChavesGuilherme Ribeiro RomualdoNelci Antunes de MouraLuis Fernando BarbisanPublished in: The British journal of nutrition (2022)
Colorectal cancer is the third most diagnosed cancer worldwide and linked to dietary/lifestyle factors. Arthrospira (Spirulina) platensis (AP) contains bioactive compounds with beneficial effects in vivo/in vitro. We evaluated the effects of AP feeding against 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH)-induced colon carcinogenesis. Male Sprague Dawley rats were given subcutaneous injections of DMH (4 × 40 mg/kg body weight) (G1-G3) or vehicle (G4-G5) twice a week (weeks 3-4). During weeks 1-4, animals were fed a diet containing 1 % (G2) or 2 % (G3-G4) AP powder (w/w). After this period, all groups received a balanced diet until week 12. Some animals were euthanised after the last DMH injection (week 4) for histological, immunohistochemical (Ki-67, γ-H2AX and caspase-3) and molecular analyses (real time-PCR for 91 genes), while other animals were euthanised at week 12 for preneoplastic aberrant crypt foci (ACF) analysis. Both AP treatments (G2-G3) significantly decreased the DMH-induced increase in γ-H2AX (DNA damage) and caspase 3 (DNA damage-induced cell death) in colonic crypts at week 4. In addition, Cyp2e1 (Drug metabolism), Notch1, Notch2 and Jag1 genes (Notch pathway) and Atm, Wee1, Chek2, Mgmt, Ogg1 and Xrcc6 genes (DNA repair) were also down-regulated by 2 % AP feeding (G3) at week 4. A significant reduction in ACF development was observed in both AP-treated groups (G2-G3) at week 12. In conclusion, findings indicate that AP feeding reduced acute colonic damage after DMH, resulting in fewer preneoplastic lesions. Our study provided mechanistic insights on dietary AP-preventive effects against early colon carcinogenesis.
Keyphrases
- dna repair
- dna damage
- transcription factor
- cell death
- high glucose
- diabetic rats
- oxidative stress
- drug induced
- early stage
- body weight
- genome wide
- placebo controlled
- endothelial cells
- weight loss
- cell proliferation
- metabolic syndrome
- real time pcr
- clinical trial
- dna damage response
- liver failure
- intensive care unit
- type diabetes
- induced apoptosis
- lymph node
- ulcerative colitis
- respiratory failure
- double blind
- extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
- acute respiratory distress syndrome