Genetics of sinoatrial node function and heart rate disorders.
Lieve E van der MaarelAlex V PostmaVincent M ChristoffelsPublished in: Disease models & mechanisms (2023)
The sinoatrial node (SAN) is the primary pacemaker of the mammalian heart, initiating its electrical activation and ensuring that the heart's functional cardiac output meets physiological demand. SAN dysfunction (SND) can cause complex cardiac arrhythmias that can manifest as severe sinus bradycardia, sinus arrest, chronotropic incompetence and increased susceptibility to atrial fibrillation, among other cardiac conditions. SND has a complex aetiology, with both pre-existing disease and heritable genetic variation predisposing individuals to this pathology. In this Review, we summarize the current understanding of the genetic contributions to SND and the insights that they provide into this disorder's underlying molecular mechanisms. With an improved understanding of these molecular mechanisms, we can improve treatment options for SND patients and develop new therapeutics.
Keyphrases
- heart rate
- atrial fibrillation
- left ventricular
- heart failure
- end stage renal disease
- heart rate variability
- lymph node
- blood pressure
- ejection fraction
- newly diagnosed
- oxidative stress
- chronic kidney disease
- prognostic factors
- left atrial
- cell cycle
- percutaneous coronary intervention
- small molecule
- genome wide
- direct oral anticoagulants
- venous thromboembolism
- left atrial appendage
- cell proliferation
- congenital heart disease
- pulmonary embolism
- dna methylation
- mitral valve
- inferior vena cava