MOTS-c, the Most Recent Mitochondrial Derived Peptide in Human Aging and Age-Related Diseases.
Zahra MohtashamiMithalesh Kumar SinghNasim SalimiaghdamMustafa OzgulM Cristina KenneyPublished in: International journal of molecular sciences (2022)
MOTS-c, a 16 amino acid mitochondrial derived peptide, is encoded from the 12S rRNA region of the mitochondrial genome. Under stress conditions, MOTS-c translocates to the nucleus where it regulates a wide range of genes in response to metabolic dysfunction. It is colocalized to mitochondria in various tissues and is found in plasma, but the levels decline with age. Since MOTS-c has important cellular functions as well as a possible hormonal role, it has been shown to have beneficial effects on age-related diseases including Diabetes, Cardiovascular diseases, Osteoporosis, postmenopausal obesity and Alzheimer. Aging is characterized by gradual loss of (mitochondrial) metabolic balance, decreased muscle homeostasis and eventual diminished physical capability, which potentially can be reversed with MOTS-c treatment. This review examines the latest findings on biological effects of MOTS-c as a nuclear regulatory peptide and focuses on the role of MOTS-c in aging and age-related disorders, including mechanisms of action and therapeutic potential.
Keyphrases
- oxidative stress
- cardiovascular disease
- type diabetes
- amino acid
- endothelial cells
- bone mineral density
- metabolic syndrome
- physical activity
- insulin resistance
- gene expression
- skeletal muscle
- cell death
- weight loss
- transcription factor
- cognitive decline
- postmenopausal women
- glycemic control
- weight gain
- combination therapy
- high fat diet induced
- smoking cessation