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Reliability and Validity of UNESP-Botucatu Cattle Pain Scale and Cow Pain Scale in Bos taurus and Bos indicus Bulls to Assess Postoperative Pain of Surgical Orchiectomy.

Rubia M TomacheuskiAlice Rodrigues de OliveiraPedro Henrique Esteves TrindadeFlávia A OliveiraCésar P CandidoFrancisco J Teixeira NetoPaulo Vinícius SteagallStelio P L Luna
Published in: Animals : an open access journal from MDPI (2023)
bulls.
Keyphrases
  • postoperative pain
  • chronic pain
  • pain management
  • neuropathic pain
  • spinal cord