Predicted basal metabolic rate and cancer risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition.
Nathalie KliemannNeil MurphyVivian ViallonHeinz FreislingKonstantinos K TsilidisSabina RinaldiFrancesca Romana ManciniGuy FagherazziMarie-Christine Boutron-RuaultHeiner BoeingMatthias B SchulzeGiovanna MasalaVittorio KroghCarlotta SacerdoteMaria S de MagistrisBas Bueno-de-MesquitaElisabete WeiderpassTilman KühnRudolf KaaksAntonio AgudoDaniel Redondo-SánchezPilar AmianoMaria-Dolores ChirlaqueAurelio B GurreaUlrica EricsonIsabel DrakeTherese H NøstDagfinn AuneAnne M MayAnne TjønnelandChristina C DahmKim OvervadRosario TuminoJose R QuirósAntonia TrichopoulouAnna KarakatsaniCarlo La VecchiaLena M NilssonElio RiboliInge HuybrechtsMarc J GunterPublished in: International journal of cancer (2019)
Emerging evidence suggests that a metabolic profile associated with obesity may be a more relevant risk factor for some cancers than adiposity per se. Basal metabolic rate (BMR) is an indicator of overall body metabolism and may be a proxy for the impact of a specific metabolic profile on cancer risk. Therefore, we investigated the association of predicted BMR with incidence of 13 obesity-related cancers in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). BMR at baseline was calculated using the WHO/FAO/UNU equations and the relationships between BMR and cancer risk were investigated using multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models. A total of 141,295 men and 317,613 women, with a mean follow-up of 14 years were included in the analysis. Overall, higher BMR was associated with a greater risk for most cancers that have been linked with obesity. However, among normal weight participants, higher BMR was associated with elevated risks of esophageal adenocarcinoma (hazard ratio per 1-standard deviation change in BMR [HR1-SD ]: 2.46; 95% CI 1.20; 5.03) and distal colon cancer (HR1-SD : 1.33; 95% CI 1.001; 1.77) among men and with proximal colon (HR1-SD : 1.16; 95% CI 1.01; 1.35), pancreatic (HR1-SD : 1.37; 95% CI 1.13; 1.66), thyroid (HR1-SD : 1.65; 95% CI 1.33; 2.05), postmenopausal breast (HR1-SD : 1.17; 95% CI 1.11; 1.22) and endometrial (HR1-SD : 1.20; 95% CI 1.03; 1.40) cancers in women. These results indicate that higher BMR may be an indicator of a metabolic phenotype associated with risk of certain cancer types, and may be a useful predictor of cancer risk independent of body fatness.
Keyphrases
- insulin resistance
- papillary thyroid
- weight loss
- weight gain
- metabolic syndrome
- type diabetes
- squamous cell
- physical activity
- childhood cancer
- high fat diet induced
- squamous cell carcinoma
- body mass index
- adipose tissue
- skeletal muscle
- bone mineral density
- human health
- atomic force microscopy
- endometrial cancer
- postmenopausal women