Dendritic Cells: Neglected Modulators of Peripheral Immune Responses and Neuroinflammation in Mood Disorders?
Rafael Leite DantasJana FreffOliver AmbréeEva C BeinsAndreas J ForstnerUdo DannlowskiBernhard T BauneStefanie ScheuJudith AlferinkPublished in: Cells (2021)
Affective disorders (AD) including major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar disorder (BD) are common mood disorders associated with increased disability and poor health outcomes. Altered immune responses characterized by increased serum levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and neuroinflammation are common findings in patients with AD and in corresponding animal models. Dendritic cells (DCs) represent a heterogeneous population of myeloid cells that orchestrate innate and adaptive immune responses and self-tolerance. Upon sensing exogenous and endogenous danger signals, mature DCs secrete proinflammatory factors, acquire migratory and antigen presenting capacities and thus contribute to neuroinflammation in trauma, autoimmunity, and neurodegenerative diseases. However, little is known about the involvement of DCs in the pathogenesis of AD. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on DCs in peripheral immune responses and neuroinflammation in MDD and BD. In addition, we consider the impact of DCs on neuroinflammation and behavior in animal models of AD. Finally, we will discuss therapeutic perspectives targeting DCs and their effector molecules in mood disorders.
Keyphrases
- bipolar disorder
- immune response
- major depressive disorder
- dendritic cells
- lipopolysaccharide induced
- lps induced
- traumatic brain injury
- regulatory t cells
- cognitive impairment
- cerebral ischemia
- inflammatory response
- healthcare
- toll like receptor
- small molecule
- multiple sclerosis
- induced apoptosis
- blood brain barrier
- signaling pathway
- brain injury
- cancer therapy
- sleep quality
- subarachnoid hemorrhage
- drug delivery
- cell proliferation
- oxidative stress
- cell cycle arrest