Hematological toxicities associated with linezolid therapy in adults: key findings and clinical considerations.

: Thrombocytopenia is the major concern with administration of linezolid for Gram-positive infections, whereas anemia is more common in patients with tuberculosis. The important clinical risk factors for the development of linezolid-related thrombocytopenia are ageing, renal dysfunction, low baseline platelet count, duration of treatment and linezolid plasma trough concentrations > 8 mg/L. Patients receiving linezolid for extended periods of time or patient populations with increased risk of altered drug pharmacokinetics would benefit from therapeutic drug monitoring or from the availability of toxico-dynamic predictive models to optimize linezolid dosing.