Emergency front-of-neck access in pediatric anesthesia: A narrative review.
Anna-Katharina HaagAlberto TredeseMartina BordiniAlexander FuchsRobert GreifClyde T MatavaThomas RivaTommaso ScquizzatoNicola DismaPublished in: Paediatric anaesthesia (2024)
Based on the available evidence, we propose a general approach to the eFONA technique and a guide for implementing local protocols and training. Additionally, we introduce the application of innovative tools such as 3D models, ultrasound, and artificial intelligence, which can improve the precision, safety, and training of this rare but critical procedure.