Dimensional Design and Core-Shell Engineering of Nanomaterials for Electromagnetic Wave Absorption.

Electromagnetic (EM) wave absorption materials possess exceptionally high EM energy loss efficiency. With vigorous developments in nanotechnology, such materials have exhibited numerous advanced EM functions, including radiation prevention and antiradar stealth. To achieve improved EM performance and multifunctionality, the elaborate control of microstructures has become an attractive research direction. By designing them as core-shell structures with different dimensions, the combined effects, such as interfacial polarization, conduction networks, magnetic coupling, and magnetic-dielectric synergy, can significantly enhance the EM wave absorption performance. This paper outlines the advances in low-dimensional core-shell EM wave absorption materials and discusses a selection of the most remarkable examples. It comprehensively summarizes the derived key information regarding dimensional design, structural engineering, performance, and structure-function relationship. Moreover, the investigation of cutting-edge mechanisms is given particular attention. Additional applications, such as oxidation resistance and self-cleaning functions, are also introduced. Finally, insight into what may be expected from this rapidly expanding field and future challenges are presented. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.