Progressive Memory Decline in a Patient With Atrial Septal Defect: Case Report and Literature Review.
Yaw Amo WiafeGordon Manu AmponsahGeorge Asafu Adjaye FrimpongIsaac Kofi OwusuPublished in: Clinical medicine insights. Case reports (2023)
Atrial septal defect (ASD) is a common congenital anomaly that increases the risk of heart failure as well as strokes which can lead to cognitive impairment. The risk of stroke is higher when pulmonary hypertension develops and there is reversal of shunt. Stroke in ASD may be due to paradoxical emboli from the right heart or a left ventricular thrombus which develops as a result of atrial fibrillation, a common arrhythmia in ASD. We present a case of a 32-year-old Ghanaian man with history of ASD who presented with progressive memory loss with magnetic resonance imaging scan of the brain showing multiple infarcts, microvascular disease, and cerebral atrophy.
Keyphrases
- atrial fibrillation
- autism spectrum disorder
- heart failure
- catheter ablation
- left atrial
- attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
- left ventricular
- oral anticoagulants
- left atrial appendage
- pulmonary hypertension
- magnetic resonance imaging
- intellectual disability
- direct oral anticoagulants
- cognitive impairment
- multiple sclerosis
- working memory
- pulmonary artery
- computed tomography
- percutaneous coronary intervention
- cardiac resynchronization therapy
- coronary artery
- acute myocardial infarction
- white matter
- resting state
- contrast enhanced
- subarachnoid hemorrhage
- brain injury
- acute coronary syndrome
- mitral valve
- cerebral ischemia
- functional connectivity
- magnetic resonance