External fixation of airway stents for upper tracheal stenosis and tracheoesophageal fistula.

Hideyuki Niwa Masahide OkiHideo SakaAtsushi ToriiArisa YamadaFumie ShigematsuAkane IshidaYoshihito Kogure

Published in: Interactive cardiovascular and thoracic surgery (2021)

External fixation was an effective method for preventing migration of airway stents placed for upper tracheal stenosis and tracheoesophageal fistula. The complications were acceptable in terms of safety.

Keyphrases

minimally invasive
risk factors